SERAP asks African Commission to order Buhari govt, NASS to withdraw bills to gag the media
SERAP said: “the Complaint, addressed to the Chairperson of the Commission Mr Solomon Dersso, and Commissioner and Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information in Africa, Ms Jamesina King, is brought pursuant to Articles 55 and 56 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and Rule 100 of the Rules of Procedure of the African Commission.”
The Complaint followed the move to push through two
repressive bills to amend the National Broadcasting Act, and to amend the
Nigeria Press Council Act. The bills are reportedly sponsored by Chairman,
House Committee on Information, Mr Segun Odebunmi (PDP, Oyo State).
In the complaint by SERAP deputy director, Kolawole
Oluwadare, the organisation said: “The push by the Nigerian government and the
National Assembly to support and pass the two anti-media bills is unlawful, as
passing the bills would be contrary to the country’s obligations to respect,
protect, promote and fulfil the right to freedom of expression, access to
information and media freedom under articles 1 and 9 of the African Charter.”
According to SERAP: “These anti-media bills are the latest
threats to freedom of expression, access to information and media freedom in
the country. The bills are not in keeping with the provisions of the
Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression in Africa, which supplements
articles 1 and 9 of the African Charter.”
SERAP said: “The Commission has the power to request
Provisional Measures from the Nigerian government and National Assembly under
Rule 100 of the Rules of Procedure to prevent irreparable harm and threats to
human rights including freedom of expression, access to information and media
freedom as urgently as the situation demands.”
The Complaint, read in part: “The bills include
retrogressive provisions that threaten human rights, including freedom of
expression, access to information and media freedom, and could criminalize
reporting and give the government overly broad powers and oversight over
journalists, broadcast stations, media houses and media practitioners.
“If passed into laws, the bills would be used by those in
power to intimidate and harass their critics, and to stifle freedom of
expression, access to information and media freedom. The bills would have a
chilling effect on the media thereby inducing some measure of self-censorship.
“Media freedom, which is an aspect of the right to freedom
of expression, is now generally recognised as an indispensable element of
democracy. The mass media promotes the free flow of information, which enables
citizens to participate in a meaningful and informed manner in the democratic
process.
“The actions by the Nigerian government and National
Assembly are contrary to Articles 1 and 9 of the African Charter, and have
thereby violated Nigeria’s positive obligation under Article 1 to recognise the
rights, duties and freedoms and to adopt legislative or other measures to give
effect to them.
“SERAP regularly relies on the media to carry out its
mandate in the promotion of transparency and accountability and respect for socio-economic
rights of Nigerians.
“The Nigerian government and National Assembly are directly
responsible for pushing the bills that would gag the media and impose harsh
punishment on journalists, broadcast stations, media houses and media
practitioners in the country, action in violation of the African Charter, and
therefore also in violation of Article 1 of the Charter.
“Nigerians, broadcast stations, media houses and media
practitioners in the country face a real and immediate risk of violation of
their rights to freedom of expression, access to information and media freedom
if the anti-media bills are not urgently withdrawn.
“The Nigerian government and National Assembly have failed
to produce any evidence that the two bills are necessary or lawful, and in the
absence of such, SERAP asks the Commission to order the immediate withdrawal of
the bills by Nigerian authorities.
“The media also serves as a watchdog by scrutinising and
criticising public officials over the way they manage public affairs and public
resources. In the performance of these functions, the media's debate on public
issues should be uninhibited, robust and wide-open. Speech concerning public
affairs is more than self-expression; it is the essence of self-government.
“A free press is the lifeblood of a healthy democracy, one
in which journalists are both benefactors and beneficiaries of human rights and
carrying out their professional duties to inform their communities and enable
democratic participation.
“Individual journalists cannot do their jobs if the
institution of the press is compromised or if the legal protections for that
institution are subject to approvals by political authorities.
“The exhaustion of domestic remedies requirements set out in
Article 56(5) of the African Charter has been met. There are no effective or
sufficient local remedies available to the Complainant.
“Nigerian courts do not entertain cases on the legality of anti-media and anti-human rights bills. Also, one of the lawmakers pushing the bills Mr Odebunmi Olusegun has reportedly boasted that ‘No court will stop us from passing the bills. Requiring SERAP to exhaust domestic remedies in such circumstances would be a mockery of justice.
“Under the bills, the National Broadcasting Commission can
shut down TV and radio stations “in the public interest” and the press code
must be approved by the Minister of Information. The overly broad definition of
public interest opens the door for the Nigerian government to crackdown on
freedom of expression, access to information and media freedom.
“The bills would also allow the Nigerian government to jail
journalists, fine newspapers up to N10m naira ($20,000) or close them for up to
a year if they publish “fake” news. Under the bills, journalists could be held
liable for the offence committed by their organisations and can be made to pay
heavy fines.”
SERAP therefore urged the Commission to request the
following Provisional Measures from the Nigerian government and National
Assembly:
*Immediately withdraw the oppressive bills to gag the media.
The first is the bill to amend the National Broadcasting Act, and the second,
is the bill to amend the Nigeria Press Council Act.
*Immediately end harassment and intimidation of journalists,
broadcast stations, media houses and media practitioners in Nigeria, and to
respect the rights to freedom of expression, access to information and media
freedom, Unless the African Commission urgently intervenes in this case, there
is a risk of irreversible denial of the Complainant’s and Nigerians’ rights,
which in turn will render nugatory the resolutions and declarations by the African
Commission on freedom of expression, access to information and media freedom.
*Give assurances that they will not support and pass the
anti-media bills being pushed by Nigerian authorities. The Nigerian authorities
should also give assurances that they will fully implement the resolutions and
declarations on freedom of expression, access to information and media freedom
in the country.
*Undertake a prompt review of Nigerian legal framework and
administrative practices on freedom of expression, access to information, and
media freedom to ensure their consistency and compatibility with the African
Charter, and resolutions and declarations by the African Commission. Pending
this, the Nigerian government should take concrete steps to respect, protect,
promote and fulfil the rights to freedom of expression, access to information
and media freedom, and ensure that journalists and media practitioners are able
to carry out their work freely, without any intimidation and harassment.
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